# 14.2.10 Class Expr¶

mosek::fusion::Expr

It represents an expression of the form $$Ax+b$$, where $$A$$ is a matrix on sparse form, $$x$$ is a variable vector and $$b$$ is a vector of scalars.

Additionally, the class defines a set of static methods for constructing and manipulating various expressions.

Implements

BaseExpression

Members

BaseExpression.getDim – Return the d’th dimension in the expression.

BaseExpression.getSize – Return the total number of elements in the expression (the product of the dimensions).

BaseExpression.index – Get a single element in the expression.

BaseExpression.pick – Pick a number of elements from the expression.

BaseExpression.slice – Get a slice of the expression.

BaseExpression.toString – Return a string representation of the expression object.

Expr.eval – Evaluate the expression and push the result onto the work stack.

Expr.getND – Return the number of dimensions in the expression.

Expr.getShape – Return the shape of the expression

Expr.numNonzeros – Return the number of non-zero elements in the expression.

Expr.size – Return the expression size.

Static members

Expr.add – Compute the sum of expressions.

Expr.condense – Flatten expression and remove all structural zeros.

Expr.constTerm – Create an expression consisting of a constant vector of values.

Expr.dot – Return a scalar expression object representing the dot-product of two items.

Expr.flatten – Reshape the expression into a vector.

Expr.hstack – Stack a list of expressions horizontally (i.e. along the second dimension).

Expr.mul – Multiply two items.

Expr.mulDiag – Compute the diagonal of the product of two matrices.

Expr.mulElm – Element-wise product of two items.

Expr.neg – Change the sign of an expression

Expr.ones – Create an expression consisting of ones.

Expr.outer – Return the outer-product of two vectors.

Expr.repeat – Repeat an expression a number of times in the given dimension.

Expr.reshape – Reshape the expression into a different shape with the same number of elements.

Expr.stack – Stack a list of expressions in an arbitrary dimension.

Expr.sub – Compute the difference of two expressions.

Expr.sum – Sum the elements of an expression.

Expr.transpose – Transpose a two-dimensional expression.

Expr.vstack – Stack a list of expressions vertically (i.e. along the first dimension).

Expr.zeros – Create an expression consisting of zeros.

Expression::t Expr::add(Expression::t e1, Expression::t e2)


Computes the sum of two or more expressions or variables. The following types of arguments are allowed:

A

B

Variable

Variable

Expression

Expression

double

double[]

double[,]

Matrix

NDSparseArray

By symmetry both add(A,B) and add(B,A) are available.

The arguments must have the same shapes and the returned expression also has that shape. If one of the arguments is a single scalar, it is promoted to the shape that matches the shape of the other argument, i.e. the scalar is added to all entries of the other argument.

Parameters
• e1 (Expression) – An expression.

• e2 (Expression) – An expression.

• a1 (double[]) – A one-dimensional array of constants.

• a2 (double[][]) – A two-dimensional array of constants.

• c (double) – A constant.

• m (Matrix) – A Matrix object.

• n (NDSparseArray) – An NDSparseArray object.

• vs (Variable[]) – A list of variables. All variables in the array must have the same shape. The list must contain at least one element.

• exps (Expression[]) – A list of expressions. All expressions in the array must have the same shape. The list must contain at least one element.

Return
Expr.condense
Expression::t Expr::condense(Expression::t e)


Flatten expression and remove all structural zeros.

Parameters

e (Expression) – Expression to be condensed.

Return
Expr.constTerm
Expression::t Expr::constTerm(shared_ptr<ndarray<double,1>> vals1)
Expression::t Expr::constTerm(shared_ptr<ndarray<double,2>> vals2)
Expression::t Expr::constTerm(int size, double val)
Expression::t Expr::constTerm(shared_ptr<ndarray<int,1>> shp, double val)
Expression::t Expr::constTerm(shared_ptr<ndarray<int,1>> shp, shared_ptr<ndarray<int,2>> sparsity, shared_ptr<ndarray<double,1>> vals1)
Expression::t Expr::constTerm(shared_ptr<ndarray<int,1>> shp, shared_ptr<ndarray<int,2>> sparsity, double val)
Expression::t Expr::constTerm(double val)
Expression::t Expr::constTerm(Matrix::t m)
Expression::t Expr::constTerm(NDSparseArray::t nda)


Create an expression consisting of a constant vector of values.

Parameters
• vals1 (double[]) – A vector initializing the expression.

• vals2 (double[][]) – An array initializing the expression.

• size (int) – Length of the vector to be constructed.

• val (double) – A scalar value to be repeated in all entries of the expression.

• shp (int[]) – Defines the shape of the expression.

• sparsity (int[][]) – Sparsity pattern.

• m (Matrix) – A matrix of values initializing the expression.

• nda (NDSparseArray) – An multi-dimensional sparse array initializing the expression.

Return
Expr.dot
Expression::t Expr::dot(Parameter::t p, Expression::t e)
Expression::t Expr::dot(Expression::t e, Parameter::t p)
Expression::t Expr::dot(shared_ptr<ndarray<double,1>> c1, Expression::t e)
Expression::t Expr::dot(shared_ptr<ndarray<double,2>> c2, Expression::t e)
Expression::t Expr::dot(NDSparseArray::t nda, Expression::t e)
Expression::t Expr::dot(Matrix::t m, Expression::t e)
Expression::t Expr::dot(Expression::t e, shared_ptr<ndarray<double,1>> c1)
Expression::t Expr::dot(Expression::t e, NDSparseArray::t nda)
Expression::t Expr::dot(Expression::t e, shared_ptr<ndarray<double,2>> c2)
Expression::t Expr::dot(Expression::t e, Matrix::t m)


Return an object representing the inner product (dot product) $$x^Ty = \sum_{i=1}^nx_iy_i$$ of two objects $$x,y$$ of size $$n$$.

Both arguments must have the same length when flattened. In particular, they can be two vectors of the same length or two matrices of the same shape.

Parameters
Return
Expr.eval
void eval(WorkStack::t rs, WorkStack::t ws, WorkStack::t xs)


Evaluate the expression and push the result onto the rs work stack.

Parameters
• rs (WorkStack) – The stack where the result of the evaluation is stored.

• ws (WorkStack) – The stack used by evaluation to perform intermediate computations. It will be returned in the same state as when the function is called.

• xs (WorkStack) – An auxiliary stack.

Expr.flatten
Expression::t Expr::flatten(Expression::t e)


Reshape the expression into a vector.

Parameters

e (Expression) – The expression to be flattened.

Return
Expr.getND
int getND()


Return the number of dimensions in the expression.

Return

(int)

Expr.getShape
shared_ptr<ndarray<int,1>> getShape()


Return the shape of the expression

Return

(int[])

Expr.hstack
Expression::t Expr::hstack(shared_ptr<ndarray<Expression::t,1>> exprs)
Expression::t Expr::hstack(Expression::t e1, Expression::t e2)
Expression::t Expr::hstack(Expression::t e1, double a2)
Expression::t Expr::hstack(double a1, Expression::t e2)
Expression::t Expr::hstack(double a1, double a2, Expression::t e3)
Expression::t Expr::hstack(double a1, Expression::t e2, double a3)
Expression::t Expr::hstack(double a1, Expression::t e2, Expression::t e3)
Expression::t Expr::hstack(Expression::t e1, double a2, double a3)
Expression::t Expr::hstack(Expression::t e1, double a2, Expression::t e3)
Expression::t Expr::hstack(Expression::t e1, Expression::t e2, double a3)
Expression::t Expr::hstack(Expression::t e1, Expression::t e2, Expression::t e3)


Stack a list of expressions horizontally (i.e. along the second dimension). The expressions must have the same shape, except for the second dimension. The arguments may be any combination of expressions, scalar constants and variables.

For example, if $$x^1,x^2,x^3$$ are three vectors of length $$n$$ then their horizontal stack is the matrix

$\begin{split}\left[ \begin{array}{ccc} | & | & | \\ x^1 & x^2 & x^3 \\ | & | & | \end{array}\right]\end{split}$

of shape (n,3).

Parameters
Return
Expr.mul
Expression::t Expr::mul(Parameter::t p, Expression::t expr)
Expression::t Expr::mul(Expression::t expr, Parameter::t p)
Expression::t Expr::mul(Matrix::t mx, Variable::t v)
Expression::t Expr::mul(Variable::t v, Matrix::t mx)
Expression::t Expr::mul(Matrix::t mx, Expression::t expr)
Expression::t Expr::mul(Expression::t expr, Matrix::t mx)
Expression::t Expr::mul(shared_ptr<ndarray<double,2>> a, Expression::t expr)
Expression::t Expr::mul(Expression::t expr, shared_ptr<ndarray<double,2>> a)
Expression::t Expr::mul(shared_ptr<ndarray<double,1>> a, Expression::t expr)
Expression::t Expr::mul(Expression::t expr, shared_ptr<ndarray<double,1>> a)
Expression::t Expr::mul(double c, Expression::t expr)
Expression::t Expr::mul(Expression::t expr, double c)


Compute the product (in the sense of matrix multiplication or scalar-by-matrix multiplication) of two arguments.

The operands must be at most two-dimensional. One of the arguments must be a constant, a vector of constants or a matrix of constants. The other argument can be a variable or expression. This allows to produce matrix expressions where the entries are linear combinations of variables.

The size and shape of the arguments must adhere to the rules of linear algebra.

Parameters
Return
Expr.mulDiag
Expression::t Expr::mulDiag(shared_ptr<ndarray<double,2>> a, Expression::t expr)
Expression::t Expr::mulDiag(shared_ptr<ndarray<double,2>> a, Variable::t v)
Expression::t Expr::mulDiag(Expression::t expr, shared_ptr<ndarray<double,2>> a)
Expression::t Expr::mulDiag(Variable::t v, shared_ptr<ndarray<double,2>> a)
Expression::t Expr::mulDiag(Matrix::t mx, Expression::t expr)
Expression::t Expr::mulDiag(Expression::t expr, Matrix::t mx)
Expression::t Expr::mulDiag(Matrix::t mx, Variable::t v)
Expression::t Expr::mulDiag(Variable::t v, Matrix::t mx)
Expression::t Expr::mulDiag(Parameter::t p, Expression::t expr)
Expression::t Expr::mulDiag(Expression::t expr, Parameter::t p)
Expression::t Expr::mulDiag(Parameter::t p, Variable::t v)
Expression::t Expr::mulDiag(Variable::t v, Parameter::t p)


Compute the diagonal of the product of two matrices. If $$A\in\mathbb{M}(m,n)$$ and $$B\in\mathbb{M}(n,m)$$, the result is a vector expression of length $$m$$ equal to $$\diag(AB)$$.

Parameters
Return
Expr.mulElm
Expression::t Expr::mulElm(Expression::t expr, Parameter::t p)
Expression::t Expr::mulElm(Parameter::t p, Expression::t expr)
Expression::t Expr::mulElm(Expression::t expr, NDSparseArray::t spm)
Expression::t Expr::mulElm(Expression::t expr, shared_ptr<ndarray<double,1>> a1)
Expression::t Expr::mulElm(Expression::t expr, shared_ptr<ndarray<double,2>> a2)
Expression::t Expr::mulElm(Expression::t expr, Matrix::t m)
Expression::t Expr::mulElm(shared_ptr<ndarray<double,1>> a1, Expression::t expr)
Expression::t Expr::mulElm(shared_ptr<ndarray<double,2>> a2, Expression::t expr)
Expression::t Expr::mulElm(NDSparseArray::t spm, Expression::t expr)
Expression::t Expr::mulElm(Matrix::t m, Expression::t expr)


Returns the element-wise product of two items. The two operands must have the same shape and the returned expression also has this shape.

Parameters
Return
Expr.neg
Expression::t Expr::neg(Expression::t e)


Return a new expression object representing the given one with opposite sign.

Parameters

e (Expression) – An expression object.

Return
Expr.numNonzeros
long long numNonzeros()


Return the number of non-zero elements in the expression.

Return

(long long)

Expr.ones
Expression::t Expr::ones(int size)
Expression::t Expr::ones(shared_ptr<ndarray<int,1>> shp)
Expression::t Expr::ones(shared_ptr<ndarray<int,1>> shp, shared_ptr<ndarray<int,2>> sparsity)
Expression::t Expr::ones()


Create an expression consisting of ones.

Parameters
• size (int) – Length of the vector to be constructed.

• shp (int[]) – Defines the shape of the expression.

• sparsity (int[][]) – Defines the sparsity pattern of the expression - everything outside the sparsitry patterm will be zero.

Return
Expr.outer
Expression::t Expr::outer(Expression::t e, shared_ptr<ndarray<double,1>> a)
Expression::t Expr::outer(shared_ptr<ndarray<double,1>> a, Expression::t e)
Expression::t Expr::outer(Expression::t e, Matrix::t m)
Expression::t Expr::outer(Matrix::t m, Expression::t e)
Expression::t Expr::outer(Expression::t e, Parameter::t p)
Expression::t Expr::outer(Parameter::t p, Expression::t e)


Return an expression representing the outer product $$xy^T$$ of two vectors $$x,y$$. If $$x$$ has length k and $$y$$ has length n then the result is of shape (k,n).

Parameters
Return
Expr.repeat
Expression::t Expr::repeat(Expression::t e, int n, int d)
Expression::t Expr::repeat(Variable::t x, int n, int d)


Repeat an expression a number of times in the given dimension. This is equivalent to stacking $$n$$ copies of the expression in dimension $$d$$; see Expr.stack.

Parameters
• e (Expression) – The expression to repeat.

• n (int) – Number of times to repeat. Must be strictly positive.

• d (int) – The dimension in which to repeat. Must define a valid dimension index.

• x (Variable) – The variable to repeat.

Return
Expr.reshape
Expression::t Expr::reshape(Expression::t e, shared_ptr<ndarray<int,1>> newshape)
Expression::t Expr::reshape(Expression::t e, int size)
Expression::t Expr::reshape(Expression::t e, int dimi, int dimj)


Reshape the expression into a different shape with the same number of elements.

Parameters
• e (Expression) – The expression to reshape.

• newshape (int[]) – Reshape into an expression of this shape.

• size (int) – Reshape into a one-dimensional expression of this size.

• dimi (int) – The first dimension size.

• dimj (int) – The second dimension size.

Return
Expr.size
long long size()


Return the expression size, i.e. the product of the lengths along each dimension.

Return

(long long)

Expr.stack
Expression::t Expr::stack(int dim, shared_ptr<ndarray<Expression::t,1>> exprs)
Expression::t Expr::stack(int dim, Expression::t e1, Expression::t e2)
Expression::t Expr::stack(int dim, Expression::t e1, double a2)
Expression::t Expr::stack(int dim, double a1, Expression::t e2)
Expression::t Expr::stack(int dim, double a1, double a2, Expression::t e1)
Expression::t Expr::stack(int dim, double a1, Expression::t e2, double a3)
Expression::t Expr::stack(int dim, double a1, Expression::t e2, Expression::t e3)
Expression::t Expr::stack(int dim, Expression::t e1, double a2, double a3)
Expression::t Expr::stack(int dim, Expression::t e1, double a2, Expression::t e3)
Expression::t Expr::stack(int dim, Expression::t e1, Expression::t e2, double a3)
Expression::t Expr::stack(int dim, Expression::t e1, Expression::t e2, Expression::t e3)
Expression::t Expr::stack(shared_ptr<ndarray<Expression::t,2>> exprs)


Stack a list of expressions along an arbitrary dimension. All expressions must have the same shape, except for dimension dim. The arguments may be any combination of expressions, scalar constants and variables.

For example, suppose $$A,B$$ are two $$n\times m$$ matrices. Then stacking them in the first dimension produces a matrix of shape (2n,m):

$\begin{split}\left[\begin{array}{c}A\\ B\end{array}\right],\end{split}$

stacking them in the second dimension produces a matrix of shape (n,2m):

$\left[\begin{array}{cc}A & B\end{array}\right],$

and stacking them in the third dimension produces a three-dimensional array of shape (n,m,2).

The version which takes a two-dimensional array of expressions constructs a block matrix with the given expressions as blocks. The dimensions of the blocks must be suitably compatible.

Parameters
• dim (int) – The dimension in which to stack.

• exprs (Expression[]) – A list of expressions.

• exprs (Expression[][]) – A list of expressions.

• e1 (Expression) – An expression.

• e2 (Expression) – An expression.

• a2 (double) – A scalar constant.

• a1 (double) – A scalar constant.

• a3 (double) – A scalar constant.

• e3 (Expression) – An expression.

Return
Expr.sub
Expression::t Expr::sub(Expression::t e1, Expression::t e2)
Expression::t Expr::sub(Expression::t e1, shared_ptr<ndarray<double,1>> a1)
Expression::t Expr::sub(Expression::t e1, shared_ptr<ndarray<double,2>> a2)
Expression::t Expr::sub(shared_ptr<ndarray<double,1>> a1, Expression::t e2)
Expression::t Expr::sub(shared_ptr<ndarray<double,2>> a2, Expression::t e2)
Expression::t Expr::sub(Expression::t e1, double c)
Expression::t Expr::sub(double c, Expression::t e2)
Expression::t Expr::sub(Expression::t e1, Matrix::t m)
Expression::t Expr::sub(Matrix::t m, Expression::t e2)
Expression::t Expr::sub(Expression::t e1, NDSparseArray::t n)
Expression::t Expr::sub(NDSparseArray::t n, Expression::t e2)


Computes the difference of two expressions. The expressions must have the same shape and the result will be also an expression of that shape. The allowed combinations of arguments are the same as for Expr.add.

Parameters
Return
Expr.sum
Expression::t Expr::sum(Expression::t expr)
Expression::t Expr::sum(Expression::t expr, int dim)


Sum the elements of an expression. Without extra arguments, all elements are summed into a scalar expression of size 1.

With argument dim, elements are summed along a specific dimension, resulting in an expression of reduced dimension. Note that the result of summing over a dimension of size 0 is 0.0. This means that for an expression of shape (2,0,2), summing over the second dimension yields an expression of shape (2,2) of zeros.

For example, if the argument is an $$n\times m$$ matrix then summing along the $$0$$-th dimension computes the $$1\times m$$ vector of column sums, and summing along the $$1$$-st dimension computes the $$n\times 1$$ vector of row sums.

Parameters
• expr (Expression) – An expression object.

• dim (int) – The dimension along which to sum.

Return
Expr.transpose
Expression::t Expr::transpose(Expression::t e)


Transpose a two-dimensional expression.

Parameters

e (Expression) – Expression to transpose.

Return
Expr.vstack
Expression::t Expr::vstack(shared_ptr<ndarray<Expression::t,1>> exprs)
Expression::t Expr::vstack(Expression::t e1, Expression::t e2)
Expression::t Expr::vstack(Expression::t e1, double a2)
Expression::t Expr::vstack(double a1, Expression::t e2)
Expression::t Expr::vstack(Expression::t e1, Expression::t e2, Expression::t e3)
Expression::t Expr::vstack(Expression::t e1, Expression::t e2, double a3)
Expression::t Expr::vstack(Expression::t e1, double a2, Expression::t e3)
Expression::t Expr::vstack(Expression::t e1, double a2, double a3)
Expression::t Expr::vstack(double a1, Expression::t e2, Expression::t e3)
Expression::t Expr::vstack(double a1, Expression::t e2, double a3)
Expression::t Expr::vstack(double a1, double a2, Expression::t e3)
Expression::t Expr::vstack(double a1, double a2, double a3)


Stack a list of expressions vertically (i.e. along the first dimension). The expressions must have the same shape, except for the first dimension. The arguments may be any combination of expressions, scalar constants and variables.

For example, if $$y^1,y^2,y^3$$ are three horizontal vectors of length $$n$$ (and shape (1,n)) then their vertical stack is the matrix

$\begin{split}\left[ \begin{array}{c}- y^1 - \\ - y^2 - \\ - y^3 - \end{array}\right]\end{split}$

of shape (3,n).

Parameters
Return
Expr.zeros
Expression::t Expr::zeros(int size)
Expression::t Expr::zeros(shared_ptr<ndarray<int,1>> shp)


Create an expression consisting of zeros.

Parameters
• size (int) – Length of the vector to be constructed.

• shp (int[]) – Defines the shape of the expression.

Return