/*
  File : portfolio_1_basic.c

  Copyright : Copyright (c) MOSEK ApS, Denmark. All rights reserved.

  Description :  Implements a basic portfolio optimization model.
*/
#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "mosek.h"

#define MOSEKCALL(_r,_call)  if ( (_r)==MSK_RES_OK ) (_r) = (_call)

static void MSKAPI printstr(void *handle,
                            const char str[])
{
  printf("%s", str);
} /* printstr */

int main(int argc, const char **argv)
{
  char            buf[128];

  double          expret  = 0.0,
                  stddev  = 0.0,
                  xj;

  const MSKint32t n       = 8;
  const MSKrealt  gamma   = 36.0;
  const MSKrealt  mu[]    = {0.07197349, 0.15518171, 0.17535435, 0.0898094 , 0.42895777, 0.39291844, 0.32170722, 0.18378628};
  // GT must have size n rows
  const MSKrealt  GT[][8] = {
    {0.30758, 0.12146, 0.11341, 0.11327, 0.17625, 0.11973, 0.10435, 0.10638},
    {0.0,     0.25042, 0.09946, 0.09164, 0.06692, 0.08706, 0.09173, 0.08506},
    {0.0,     0.0,     0.19914, 0.05867, 0.06453, 0.07367, 0.06468, 0.01914},
    {0.0,     0.0,     0.0,     0.20876, 0.04933, 0.03651, 0.09381, 0.07742},
    {0.0,     0.0,     0.0,     0.0,     0.36096, 0.12574, 0.10157, 0.0571 },
    {0.0,     0.0,     0.0,     0.0,     0.0,     0.21552, 0.05663, 0.06187},
    {0.0,     0.0,     0.0,     0.0,     0.0,     0.0,     0.22514, 0.03327},
    {0.0,     0.0,     0.0,     0.0,     0.0,     0.0,     0.0,     0.2202 }
  };
  const MSKint32t k       = sizeof(GT) / (n * sizeof(MSKrealt));
  const MSKrealt  x0[]    = {8.0, 5.0, 3.0, 5.0, 2.0, 9.0, 3.0, 6.0};
  const MSKrealt  w       = 59;
  MSKrealt        totalBudget;

  MSKenv_t        env;
  MSKint32t       i, j, *sub;
  MSKrescodee     res = MSK_RES_OK, trmcode;
  MSKtask_t       task;

  //Offset of variables into the API variable.
  MSKint32t numvar = n;
  MSKint32t voff_x = 0;

  // Constraints offsets
  MSKint32t numcon = 1;
  MSKint32t coff_bud = 0;

  /* Initial setup. */
  env  = NULL;
  task = NULL;
  MOSEKCALL(res, MSK_makeenv(&env, NULL));
  MOSEKCALL(res, MSK_maketask(env, 0, 0, &task));
  MOSEKCALL(res, MSK_linkfunctotaskstream(task, MSK_STREAM_LOG, NULL, printstr));

  // Holding variable x of length n
  // No other auxiliary variables are needed in this formulation
  MOSEKCALL(res, MSK_appendvars(task, numvar));
  // Setting up variable x 
  for (j = 0; j < n; ++j)
  {
    /* Optionally we can give the variables names */
    sprintf(buf, "x[%d]", 1 + j);
    MOSEKCALL(res, MSK_putvarname(task, voff_x + j, buf));
    /* No short-selling - x^l = 0, x^u = inf */
    MOSEKCALL(res, MSK_putvarbound(task, voff_x + j, MSK_BK_LO, 0.0, MSK_INFINITY));
  }

  // One linear constraint: total budget
  MOSEKCALL(res, MSK_appendcons(task, 1));
  sprintf(buf, "%s", "budget");
  MOSEKCALL(res, MSK_putconname(task, coff_bud, buf));
  for (j = 0; j < n; ++j)
  {
    /* Coefficients in the first row of A */
    MOSEKCALL(res, MSK_putaij(task, coff_bud, voff_x + j, 1.0));
  }
  totalBudget = w;
  for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
  {
    totalBudget += x0[i];
  }
  MOSEKCALL(res, MSK_putconbound(task, coff_bud, MSK_BK_FX, totalBudget, totalBudget));

  // Input (gamma, GTx) in the AFE (affine expression) storage
  // We need k+1 rows
  MOSEKCALL(res, MSK_appendafes(task, k + 1));
  // The first affine expression = gamma
  MOSEKCALL(res, MSK_putafeg(task, 0, gamma));
  // The remaining k expressions comprise GT*x, we add them row by row
  // In more realisic scenarios it would be better to extract nonzeros and input in sparse form
  MSKint32t* vslice_x = (MSKint32t*) malloc(n * sizeof(MSKint32t));
  for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
  {
    vslice_x[i] = voff_x + i;
  } 
  for (i = 0; i < k; ++i)
  {
    MOSEKCALL(res, MSK_putafefrow(task, i + 1, n, vslice_x, GT[i]));
  }
  free(vslice_x);

  // Input the affine conic constraint (gamma, GT*x) \in QCone
  // Add the quadratic domain of dimension k+1
  MSKint64t qdom;
  MOSEKCALL(res, MSK_appendquadraticconedomain(task, k + 1, &qdom));
  // Add the constraint
  MOSEKCALL(res, MSK_appendaccseq(task, qdom, k + 1, 0, NULL));
  sprintf(buf, "%s", "risk");            
  MOSEKCALL(res, MSK_putaccname(task, 0, buf));

  // Objective: maximize expected return mu^T x
  for (j = 0; j < n; ++j)
  {
    MOSEKCALL(res, MSK_putcj(task, voff_x + j, mu[j]));
  }
  MOSEKCALL(res, MSK_putobjsense(task, MSK_OBJECTIVE_SENSE_MAXIMIZE));

#if 0
  /* No log output */
  MOSEKCALL(res, MSK_putintparam(task, MSK_IPAR_LOG, 0));
#endif

#if 0
  /* Dump the problem to a human readable PTF file. */
  MOSEKCALL(res, MSK_writedata(task, "dump.ptf"));
#endif

  MOSEKCALL(res, MSK_optimizetrm(task, &trmcode));

#if 1
  /* Display the solution summary for quick inspection of results. */
  MSK_solutionsummary(task, MSK_STREAM_MSG);
#endif

// Check if the interior point solution is an optimal point
MSKsolstae solsta;
MOSEKCALL(res, MSK_getsolsta(task, MSK_SOL_ITR, &solsta));
if (solsta != MSK_SOL_STA_OPTIMAL)
{
  // See https://docs.mosek.com/latest/capi/accessing-solution.html about handling solution statuses.
  fprintf(stderr, "Unexpected solution status: %d", solsta);
  return MSK_RES_ERR_UNHANDLED_SOLUTION_STATUS;
}

  if ( res == MSK_RES_OK )
  {
    expret = 0.0;
    stddev = 0.0;

    /* Read the x variables one by one and compute expected return. */
    /* Can also be obtained as value of the objective. */
    for (j = 0; j < n; ++j)
    {
      MOSEKCALL(res, MSK_getxxslice(task, MSK_SOL_ITR, voff_x + j, voff_x + j + 1, &xj));
      expret += mu[j] * xj;
    }

    /* Read the value of s. This should be gamma. */
    printf("\nExpected return %e for gamma %e\n", expret, gamma);
  }

  if ( task != NULL )
    MSK_deletetask(&task);

  if ( env != NULL )
    MSK_deleteenv(&env);

  return ( 0 );
}